Dr. Abdali Hammood Shihan & Dr. Sahira Mousa Salman
Thi-Qar University, Iraq
العرض والتحضيض, transliterated as ‘arḍ and taḥḍīḍ (requiring with gentleness or with urgency), is a concept that exists in Arabic and is expressed by certain particles known the particles of ‘arḍ and taḥḍīḍ. These particles are less problematic when they are in their more common function, for instance when expressing non-occurrence of one thing because of the existence of another, than when they are used otherwise, i.e. indicating the ‘arḍ and taḥḍīḍ, where they express more implicit than explicit meanings and functions. In addition, the problem in this study stems from the fact that English has no syntactic counterparts of the Arabic forms expressing ‘arḍ and taḥḍīḍ and that these forms are double-faceted is not always recognized by translators. Therefore, they often produce renditions which do not reflect the original but their own wrong or inaccurate understanding. The present study considers ‘arḍ and taḥḍīḍ as a concept that can be expressed by request in English. This fact is proved by the translators that sometimes rendered the said concept correctly. The following objectives are targeted in this study: (1) to identify the extent to which the selected translators have retained the same ST intentions and pragmatic functions in the TT, (2) to analyse the translation strategies translators of the Qur’an adopted for translating the ST, and (3) to propose, as much as possible, the English functional-pragmatic equivalences to the meanings of the particles of ‘arḍ and taḥḍīḍ investigated. Data on the translation of ST were collected from the Quran and its four English translations carried out by four non-Muslim native speakers. 10 examples, out of 30, related to ‘arḍ and taḥḍīḍ, were selected for analysis. Qualitative content analysis was used to examine the source data by consulting the widely used traditional exegetical and rhetorical books to determine the source text intentionality. Additionally, the translated data were analysed according to the functional-pragmatic equivalence framework proposed by Searle (1969; 1979); Baker (1992; 2011).The present study concludes that (1) Often, the translators seem unaware of ST intentionality and thus rendered it inaccurately, (2) accommodating the functional-pragmatic equivalence of the Qur’anic concept of the ‘arḍ and taḥḍīḍ is available in English when the translator does his/her best in fully comprehending the ST meaning and function.
The above abstract is a part of the article which was accepted at The Second International Conference on Current Issues of Languages, Dialects and Linguistics (WWW.TLLL.IR), 1-2 February 2018, Ahwaz.
