Dr. Anna Niepytalska-Osiecka, Institute of the Polish Language Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland The social dialect of the Polish climbers is far from being homogenous. It consists of several subvarietes which are related to the specific groups of climbers existing within the climbing community. The present paper constitutes a continuation

Anna-Maria Ramezanzadeh, University of Oxford, UK Motivation and engagement in language learning are two core mechanisms that facilitate the successful development of proficiency. However, little theoretically-based research has been conducted into either of these concepts in the field of Arabic as a Foreign Language. Given its di/multiglossic nature (Hary, 1996),

Dr. Carolyn Kraus, University of Michigan-Dearborn, USA In their early attempts at writing personal narrative, student writers frequently approach the genre as if the story is already there, complete, inside their heads. In fact, since personal writing is successful to the extent that the writer is able to connect the

Dr. Mohammad Dabir-Moghaddam, AllamehTabataba’i University (& Academy of Persian Language and Literature), Iran In this talk, I intend to provide a state-of-the-art review of the basic tenets, assumptions, and concerns of the four major approaches to the study of human language. These approaches are as follows: The Generative Enterprise, Systemic

Dr. Rachid Ridouane, CNRS & Sorbonne Nouvelle University, France Tashlhiyt has come to linguists’ attention due to its rare phonotactic structure. Words and sentences in this Moroccan Amazigh language can be composed of consonants only, e.g. [tkkststttfktstt] « you took it off and gave it ». A consequence of this

Dr. Zahra Moharrer, Malaysia To pursue the progression of electronic learning worldwide, some prominent universities in Iran have established online learning courses or programs. However, for EFL students who have been educated mainly in face-to-face (FTF) traditional classrooms, it is crucial to beequipped with appropriate awareness on how to fine-tune

Dr. Zahra Moharrer, Malaysia With extensive propensity for using technology at educational contexts, Ministry of Education has employed electronic distance teaching and learning in some high schools.  To solve the problems with the Internet connection, the electronic distance education center in Shiraz, Iran provided its students with interactive multimedia CD-ROMs.